Objective: To investigate the effect of psychological factors on the level of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with gynecological malignant tumors. Methods: Fifty-six patients with gynecological malignant tumors were selected as malignant tumor group in Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from Jun. 2013 to Jun. 2014, and meanwhile, 56 healthy people were selected as control group at the same term. The life events, social support and coping styles of the subjects in both groups were given questionnaire survey based on life event scale (LES), social support rating scale (SSRS) and trait coping style questionnaire (TCSQ). The scores of LES, SSRS and TCSQ in two groups were compared, and the correlation between the level of serum VEGF and psychological factors in malignant tumor group was analyzed. Results: Both the frequency of negative events and total frequency of life events in malignant tumor group were higher than in control group dramatically (P=0.000, 0.000), while the scores of objective support, subjective support and availability to support lower than in control group (P=0.000, 0.000, 0.001). The scores of positive coping in malignant tumor group was notably lower than in control group, but those of negative coping higher than in control group (P=0.000, P=0.000). Pearson correlation analysis displayed that the level of serum VEGF was positively correlated with the frequency of negative events and scores of negative coping (r=0.828, P=0.000; r=0.944, P=0.000), while negatively correlated with the scores of positive coping, objective and subjective support (r=-0.921, P=0.000; r=-0.951, P=0.000; r=-0.899, P=0.000). Conclusion: Negative life events, low social support and bad coping styles can all promote the increase of VEGF level in patients with gynecological malignant tumors, and are closely associated with occurrence and progression of malignant tumors.