Objective: To explore the reversal effect and mechanisms of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-NC (rhTNF-NC) against the doxorubicin (Dox) resistance in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) K562/Dox cells. 
Methods: The chemo-sensitivity of tumor cells dealt with different concentrations of rhTNF-NC to Dox was detected by tetrazolium dye assay (MTT). The intra-cellular Dox accumulation represented by fluorescence intensity was determined by flow cytometry (FCM) at the excitation wave length of 488 nm and emission wave length of 550 nm. The expression of multidrug resistance (MDR)-related genes and proteins was analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot assays. 
Results: After being exposed to gradually increasing concentrations of Dox for 10 consecutive months, K562/Dox cells were more resistant to Dox (nearly 132 times) than Dox-sensitive K562 cells. The IC50 of Dox for K562 and K562/Dox cells were (0.04±0.01) and (5.55±0.08) μmol/L, respectively. When K562/Dox cells were treated with rhTNF-NC at 500, 2 500 or 5 000U/mL, the IC50 of Dox was decreased to (2.22±0.34), (1.41±0.13) and (1.04±0.09) μmol/L, respectively. The concentration-response curves were moved upward by the treatment of rhTNF-NC (P<0.01). FCM analysis displayed that intra-cellular accumulation of Dox was significantly increased when combing Dox with rhTNF-NC. After treatment with rhTNF-NC, the expression of MDR gene (MDR1), MDR-associated protein (MRP), glutathione S transferase π (GSTπ) mRNA, P glycoprotein (P-gp) and protein kinase Cα (PKCα) protein was down-regulated, while topoisomerase II (TopoII) mRNA expression was up-regulated. 
Conclusion: rhTNF-NC can effectively augment the drug accumulation in tumor cells. This is due to the up-regulation of TopoIIα and down-regulation of MDR1, MRP and GSTπ at mRNA expression as well as reduction of P-gp and PKCα expression.

  Conclusion: Endostar can down-regulate the expression of VEGF, improve the state of hypertransfusion and high permeability of tumor vessels, has better curative effect without slighter adverse reactions, and prolong the survival time of patients with advanced esophageal cancer when combined with chemotherapy.

Objective: To observe the changes of glioma stem/progenitor cells (GSPCs) before and after induction so as to explore the relationship between the differentiation and autophagy of GSPCs. Conclusion: Autophogy is in close association with differentiation of GSPCs, which means that increasing autophagy can improve differentiation whereas inhibiting autophagy can suppress the differentiation of GSPCs, and the autophagic activity of GSPCs is improved after inducing differentiation.

Objective: To establish high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) method for the determination of active ingredients of multiple lignans in Nanwuweizi (Kadsura longepedunculata) and Beiwuweizi (Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis) so as to set up the standard for the quality control of Wuweizi (Schisandra chinensis). Conclusion: HPLC-DAD is simple and reliable with favorable repeatability, so it can be used for the determination of multiple lignans in Wuweizi.

Objective: To explore the effect of hematodialysis (HD) combined with hemoperfusion (HP) on the insulin resistance (IR) and nutritional status of patients with end-stage diabetic nephropathy (ESDN). Conclusion: HD combined with HP can effectively remove the mid- and macro-molecular inflammatory mediators in the patients with ESDN, alleviate IR and ameliorate the nutritional status to reduce the incidence of malnutrition.

Objective: To explore the application of molecular imprinting technique in the separation and detection of nimodipine. Conclusion: Nimodipine MIP based on molecular imprinting technique may become a new approach to chiral separation for nimodipine.

Objective: To establish a method for the determination of ferulic acid content in Fuke Qianjin Capsule. Conclusion: RP-HPLC is accurate, rapid, stable and convenient, so it can be used as an optimal method for the detection of ferulic acid content in Fuke Qianjin Capsule.

Objective: To investigate the risk and protective factors related to premature ovarian failure (POF). Conclusion: Artificial abortion, history of mumps, passive smoking, poor sleep quality and A-type character pertain to risk factors for POF, and physical exercise to the protective factor for POF.

Background: Intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) thrombolysis therapy has been regarded as a promising therapeutic measure for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). But its effectiveness and safety are unclear because of the lack of large, long-term, prospective and multi-center clinical studies in China. Conclusion: rt-PA thrombolysis therapy is effective in treating AIS patients, but there are multiple risk factors that affect prognosis.

Objective: To explore the changes of small molecular metabolites and their content in plasma samples due to hemolysis so as to analyze the influence of hemolysis of plasma samples on metabonomic study.

Objective: To investigate the features and risk factors for recurrence and metastasis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation.

Paraneoplastic syndromes are a group of disorders associated by the presence of cancer in the human body, but are not caused by the cancer or its metastatic potential. These syndromes are usually the result of cell mediators. For instance, the interleukins and cytokines secreted by the body’s defense system combat with neoplastic cells that inadvertently bind to cell specific receptors in the endocrine system due to similar structural morphology and produce undesired side effects. In this article, we presented an interesting case of a 44-year-old male veteran who came to our free clinic for his chronic constipation unmitigated by over the counter laxatives and sought other provider care in the past few months. During our brief clinic visit, his history and examination revealed that he had also been suffering from mild abdominal pain, decrease in appetite, inconvenient reddish plethoric facial appearance and lethargy. A careful review of the history, physical and laboratory examination revealed erythrocytosis and mild hypercalcemia. Meanwhile, a renal mass biopsy was proven to be erythropoietin secreting renal cell tumor. Subsequently, the patient underwent resection and was followed to complete resolution of his symptoms.

Translational medicine is a new concept proposed in the field of international medicine and emphasizes a two-sided way from bench to beside and from beside to bench. Gastric cancer is a commonly encountered malignant tumor in the digestive system all over the world, with high morbidity and mortality. Although its incidence is decreasing, the outcomes of this disease are among the poorest in all solid tumors. Therefore, it is very urgent to seek new preventive and therapeutic targets for gastric cancer and to make basic research results apply in clinic. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a classification of endogenous non-coding RNA with the function of regulating the expression of target genes. More and more studies have revealed that miRNAs are intimately associated with the occurrence, development, treatment and prognosis of gastric cancer. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the effects of miRNAs in gastric cancer on the cell cycle, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, radiosensitivity and chemosensitivity.

Vascular endothelial barrier is defined as the ability of endothelial cells and their components that make up the microvascular wall structure in controlling the cellular components and marco-molecular substances in blood from penetrating vascular walls. It is the place for the selective exchange of oxygen, nutrients and metabolites, and has kernel effect in maintaining myocardial micro-environmental homeostasis. In clinic, microvascular permeability is commonly used as the index for evaluating endothelial barrier function. Myocardial microvascular endothelial cells, inter-endothelial connexin and basilar membrane (BM) interact synergically to constitute the basis for barrier function, which has a selective permeability effect on interaction between nutrient substances and other myocardial cell molecules. Increase of microvascular permeability is closely associated with cardiovascular events like coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial ischemia, and is the risk factor for CHD attack. And deep exploration of the mechanism of endothelial permeability and positive selection of new-type re-perfusion complementary drugs for alleviating endothelial permeability can be beneficial in improving the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Therefore, from the view of translational medicine, this study mainly summarized the increase of microvascular permeability and its pathological significance after AMI, physiological and pathological mechanisms of regulating microvascular permeability and complementary therapies for AMI re-perfusion as well as microvascular endothelial barrier function, hoping to provide a basis for improving the prognosis of patients with AMI.

Hyperthermia is another important method in the treatment of tumors, secondary to surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and biotherapy. It has been demonstrated the efficacy and versatility of hyperthermia in a lot of randomized trials across various primary cancers. Both heat shock proteins (HSPs) and dendritic cells (DCs) are greatly affected by hyperthermia and closely related to the tumor immunology. Nowadays, tumor hyperthermia and tumor immunology have been attached much attention in the field of translational medicine. In this article, the action mechanism and immunological effects of hyperthermia, activation of HSPs and DCs as well as HSP- and DC-based cancer vaccine were reviewed from the perspective of translational medicine.